No. Including a photo on an American resume is generally discouraged. Federal anti-discrimination laws (Title VII, ADEA, ADA, enforced by the EEOC, eeoc.gov) prohibit hiring decisions based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age (40 or older), disability, or genetic information, and the EEOC advises employers not to request photos before an offer. Some recruiters set aside resumes with photos for this reason. Exceptions are roles that ask for headshots, such as acting, modeling, or broadcast media.
One page for candidates with 0 to 10 years of experience. Two pages for mid-career (10 to 20 years) and senior professionals. Three pages only for C-suite executives or academics. Do not pad a resume to fill pages; every line should add value. For experienced candidates, a two-page resume is common and widely accepted.
ATS (Applicant Tracking System) is software used by most employers to screen resumes before a human reads them. The system scans your resume for keywords that match the job description. To optimize: (1) mirror the exact language and job title from the posting, (2) list skills and tools explicitly in a skills section, (3) use a clean, text-only format with no images, tables, or decorative elements in the ATS version, (4) use standard section headings like "Experience," "Education," and "Skills." Source: Jobscan ATS research, jobscan.co.
Yes, when a cover letter is requested. When it is listed as optional, submitting one is generally recommended for competitive roles. For high-volume applications through ATS portals where cover letters are not mentioned, a letter is optional. In a SHRM discussion, recruiters noted that high-volume employers often skip cover letters, while smaller employers often still read them. Keep it to three paragraphs and under 250 words. Source: shrm.org.
Often. Many US recruiters and hiring managers look at a candidate's LinkedIn profile at some stage of the evaluation process. Ensure your LinkedIn profile is consistent with your resume; inconsistencies are a red flag. A complete LinkedIn profile with recommendations, skills endorsements, and recent activity can strengthen your candidacy alongside a strong resume.