2 to 4 pages for most roles. Graduate and entry-level candidates: 2 pages. Mid-career professionals: 3 pages. Senior professionals and executives: 4 to 5 pages. Australian employers expect more detail than US employers; do not artificially compress your resume to one page. Academic CVs for university positions have no set length limit. Government applications may require a separate statement addressing key selection criteria, which is not counted as part of the resume. This reflects common Australian hiring practice, not survey data.
No. Photos are not standard on Australian resumes and most employers do not expect one. Australian anti-discrimination law makes it unlawful to make hiring decisions based on age, race, sex or disability, so many recruiters prefer resumes without personal details such as a photo. Roles where appearance is part of the work (e.g. acting, modelling) are a common exception. Source: Australian Human Rights Commission, humanrights.gov.au.
Two to three referees is standard in Australia. Include their full name, job title, organisation, phone number, and email address. Always obtain permission before listing someone. Referees are typically contacted after an interview, not at the application stage, but including full contact details on the resume is expected. Former direct managers are the strongest referees. Personal references (family, friends) are generally not accepted. Source: SEEK career resources, seek.com.au.
Yes, if you are not an Australian or New Zealand citizen or permanent resident. Employers who allow a non-citizen to work without valid work rights can face penalties under the Migration Act 1958, so most check work rights (often through VEVO) before hiring. Include a brief statement: "Full working rights, Subclass 485 Temporary Graduate Visa, valid to [date]" or "Permanent Resident, unrestricted work rights." Australian citizens and PR holders do not need to mention citizenship. Source: Department of Home Affairs, homeaffairs.gov.au.
Superannuation (super) is Australia's compulsory retirement savings system. Employers must contribute 12% of an employee's ordinary time earnings to a complying super fund (rate from 1 July 2025, ATO). When a salary is quoted as a "package," it typically includes super. When quoted as "base" or "exclusive of super," super is paid on top. Always clarify whether the quoted figure is inclusive or exclusive of super. Source: Australian Taxation Office, ato.gov.au.